A. E. Dick Howard

  • Warner-Booker Distinguished Professor of International Law

Widely acknowledged as an expert in the fields of constitutional law, comparative constitutionalism, and the Supreme Court, A. E. Dick Howard is the Warner-Booker Distinguished Professor of International Law at the University of Virginia. Born and raised in Richmond, Virginia, Professor Howard is a graduate of the University of Richmond and received his law degree from the University of Virginia. He was a Rhodes Scholar at the University of Oxford, where he read philosophy, politics, and economics. After graduating from law school, he was a law clerk to Justice Hugo L. Black of the Supreme Court of the United States.

Active in public affairs, Professor Howard was executive director of the commission that wrote Virginia's current constitution and directed the successful referendum campaign for its ratification. He has been counsel to the General Assembly of Virginia and a consultant to state and federal bodies, including the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee. From 1982 to 1986 he served as counselor to the Governor of Virginia, and he chaired Virginia's Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution.

Professor Howard has been twice a fellow of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, in Washington, D.C. He has served as president of the Virginia Academy of Laureates and has received the University of Virginia's Distinguished Professor Award for excellence in teaching. James Madison University, the University of Richmond, Campbell University, the College of William and Mary, and, in 2000, Wake Forest University have conferred upon him the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. In the fall of 2001, he was the first Distinguished Visiting Scholar in Residence at Rhodes House, Oxford.

Professor Howard is the author of a number of books, articles, and monographs. These include The Road from Runnymede: Magna Carta and Constitutionalism in America and Commentaries on the Constitution of Virginia, which won a Phi Beta Kappa prize. More recent works include Democracy's Dawn and Constitution-making in Eastern Europe.

Professor Howard has briefed and argued cases before state and federal courts, including the Supreme Court of the United States. He is a regular guest on television news programs; during the Senate Judiciary Committee's hearings on the nomination of Robert Bork to the Supreme Court, Professor Howard provided gavel-to-gavel coverage for the “McNeil-Lehrer News Program.” He also interviewed the justices for the film being shown to visitors to the Supreme Court's building in Washington.

Often consulted by constitutional draftsmen in other states and abroad, Professor Howard has compared notes with revisers at work on new constitutions in Brazil, Hong Kong, the Philippines, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Romania, Russia, Albania, Malawi, and South Africa. In 1996, the Union of Czech Lawyers, citing Professor Howard's promotion of the idea of a civil society in Central Europe, awarded him their Randa Medal—the first time this honor has been conferred upon anyone but a Czech citizen. In 2004, the Greater Richmond Chapter of the World Affairs Council conferred on him their George C. Marshall Award in International Law and Diplomacy.

In January 1994, Washingtonian magazine named Professor Howard as one of the most respected educators in the nation. In 2007, the Richmond Times-Dispatch and the Library of Virginia included Professor Howard on their list of the "greatest Virginians" of the 20th century.

In 2013 the University of Virginia recognized Howard with its Thomas Jefferson Award — the highest honor given to faculty members at the University. The award commended Howard "for advancing, through his character, work, and personal example the ideals and objectives for which Jefferson founded the University."

In 2016, Gov. Terry McAuliffe, in announcing the restoration of voting rights to convicted felons, recognized Howard for his consultation on the matter as "the foremost constitutional authority in Virginia." (Full Speech)

Scholarship Profile: Constitutional Scholar: Ideas and Initiatives (Virginia Journal 2013)

Education

  • LL.B.
    University of Virginia School of Law
    1961
  • M.A.
    University of Oxford
    1965
  • B.A.
    University of Richmond
    1954

Books

Magna Carta: Text and Commentary, University Press of Virginia (1 ed. 1964–1998).
Toward the Open Society in Central and Eastern Europe, University of Utah Press (1995).
Constitution Making in Eastern Europe, Woodrow Wilson Center Press (1993).
Virginia and the Constitution (edited with Melvin I. Urofsky), Virginia Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution (1992).
The Road to Constitutionalism, Virginia Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution (1990).
I’ll See You in Court: The States and the Supreme Court, National Governors’ Association Center for Policy Research (1980).
Commentaries on the Constitution of Virginia, University Press of Virginia (1974).
Virginia Votes for a New Constitution (with Harry M. Bradley & Tim Finchem), Virginia Western Community College (1973).
Virginia’s Urban Corridor: A Preliminary Inquiry (with Dennis W. Barnes, Leigh E. Grosenick & Jerry L. Mashaw), University of Virginia Center for the Study of Science, Technology, and Public Policy (1970).
Jamestown Essays on Representation (book series), University Press of Virginia (1969).
Criminal Justice in Our Time, University Press of Virginia (1965).

Textbooks

The Virginia Lawyer: A Basic Practice Handbook, Virginia State Bar Association (Revised ed. 1970).
The Virginia Lawyer: A Basic Practice Handbook, Virginia State Bar Association (1 ed. 1966).

Book Chapters

Magna Carta’s American Adventure, in Magna Carta 1215–2015, Temple Church, 42–48 (2015).
Magna Carta’s American Journey, in Magna Carta: Muse and Mentor, Thomson Reuters, 103–121 (2015).
The Six Constitutions of Virginia, in Governing Virginia, Pearson Learning Solutions, 257–260 (2012).
The Road from Monticello: The Influence of the American Constitutional Experience in Other Lands, in Religion, State, and Society: Jefferson’s Wall of Separation in Comparative Perspective, Palgrave Macmillan, 73–91 (2009).
The Constitutional Convention of 1787, in Historians on America: Decisions That Made a Difference, US Government Printing Office, 9–15 (2007).
Adopting a New Constitution: Lessons from Virginia, in State Constitutions for the Twenty-first Century: The Politics of State Constitutional Reform, State University of New York Press, 73–110 (2006).
Willi Paul Adams and American Constitutionalism, in Atlantic Passages: Constitution - Immigration - Internationalization: In Memoriam Willi Paul Adams, Lit, 45–56 (2006).
Another "Springtime of Nations"?: Rights in Central and Eastern Europe, in The Future of Liberal Democracy: Thomas Jefferson and the Contemporary World, Palgrave Macmillan, 123–150 (2004).
Judicial Independence in Post‑Communist Central and Eastern Europe, in Judicial Independence in the Age of Democracy: Critical Perspectives from Around the World, University of Virginia Press, 89–110 (2001).
Burger Court (1969-1986), in Encyclopedia of the American Constitution, Macmillan Reference USA, 272–278 (1–2 ed. 1986–2000).
Influence of the American Constitution Abroad (Update), in Encyclopedia of the American Constitution, Macmillan Reference USA, 1366–1368 (2 ed. 2000).
Magna Carta (1215), in Encyclopedia of the American Constitution, Macmillan Reference USA, 1663–1664 (2 ed. 2000).
Constitutional Courts in Central and Eastern Europe, in Twenty-Five Year Commemoration to the Life of Hans Kelsen (1898-1973), Semenenko Foundation, 53–71 (1999).
Federalism, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 336–337 (3 ed. 1999).
Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 338–339 (3 ed. 1999).
Judicial Review: India and America, in India’s Constitution in the 21st Century: "The Constitution Assembly," December 19-22, 1999, Bar Association of India, 215–239 (1999).
Printz v. United States, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 361–362 (3 ed. 1999).
Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 378–379 (3 ed. 1999).
Robinson v. Cahill, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 381–382 (3 ed. 1999).
State Constitutions and State Bills of Rights, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law , Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 372–373 (3 ed. 1999).
U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law , Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 354–355 (3 ed. 1999).
United States v. Lopez, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 346–347 (3 ed. 1999).
Virginia Bill of Rights, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 374 (3 ed. 1999).
Development of Constitutionalism (with Mark F. Brzezinski), in Transition to Democracy in Poland, St. Martin’s, 133–161 (2 ed. 1998).
Foreword, in The Federalist Papers Reader and Historical Documents of Our American Heritage, Seven Locks, xi-xii (1997).
Toward Constitutional Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe, in Building Civic Education for Democracy in Poland, National Council for the Social Studies, 175–185 (1996).
Constitutions and Rights in Central and Eastern Europe, in Citizenship and Rights in Multicultural Societies, Keele University Press, 221 (1995).
Does Federalism Secure or Undermine Rights?, in Federalism and Rights, Rowman and Littlefield (1995).
La Conception Mécaniste de la Constitution, in 1789 et l’Invention de la Constitution, L. G. D. J., 153–173 (1994).
Constitutional Reform, in Transition to Democracy in Poland, St. Martin’s, 97–110 (1993).
Introduction, in Constitution Making in Eastern Europe, Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 1–7 (1993).
Rights in Passage: English Liberties in Early America, in The Bill of Rights and the States: The Colonial and Revolutionary Origins of American Liberties, Madison House, 3–15 (1992).
State Constitutions, in Encyclopedia of the American Constitution: Supplement I, Macmillan, 511–515 (1992).
Virginia: Constitutionalism’s Hourglass, in Virginia and the Constitution , Virginia Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution, 11–23 (1992).
Bill of Rights, in The Reader’s Companion to American History, Houghton-Mifflin, 97–99 (1991).
Human Rights: The Development of the Constitutional Framework and the Prospects for the Future: Roundtable Discussion (with Richard B. Lillich & David A. Martin), in Constitutionalism and Human Rights: America, Poland, and France: A Bicentennial Colloquium at the Miller Center, University Press of America, 143–160 (1991).
Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 216 (1 ed. 1991).
Robinson v. Cahill, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 219–220 (1 ed. 1991).
State Constitutions and State Bills of Rights, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 211–212 (1 ed. 1991).
The Constitution and Free Expression, in Teaching the Constitution: Classroom Strategies for Secondary Schools, Eagleton Institute of Politics (1991).
The Essence of Constitutionalism, in Constitutionalism and Human Rights: America, Poland, and France: A Bicentennial Colloquium at the Miller Center , University Press of America, 3–41 (1991).
Une perspective de 200 ans, in Comités d’éthique à travers le monde: recherche en cours 1989, Editions Tierce, 130 (1991).
Virginia Bill of Rights, in The Bill of Rights, the Courts, and the Law, Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy, 213 (3 ed. 1991).
Federalism: The Historical Context, in Politics and the Constitution: The Nature and Extent of Interpretation, American Studies Center, 85–96 (1990).
Libertà di Espressione, Libertà dell’Arte e il Primo Emendamento, in Tutela, Promozione e Libertà dell’Arte in Italia e negli Stati Uniti, Giuffrè, 159–184 (1990).
Protecting Human Rights in a Federal System, in Comparative Constitutional Federalism: Europe and America, Greenwood, 115–137 (1990).
Rights and the Constitution: Judicial Protection of Social Rights in American Constitutional Law, in Les Droits de L’homme: Universalité et Renouveau, 1789-1989, Editions L’Harmattan, 318–331 (1990).
The Constitution Today and Tomorrow, in Papers on the Constitution, U.S. Army Center of Military History, 169–186 (1990).
The Supreme Court and the Living Constitution, in To Govern a Changing Society: Constitutionalism and the Challenge of New Technology, Smithsonian Institution Press, 21–29 (1990).
Burger Court (1969-1986), in American Constitutional History: Selections from the Encyclopedia of the American Constitutions, Collier Macmillan, 313–324 (1989).
The Idea of Rights, in Les Droits de l’Homme and Scientific Progress, Smithsonian Institution Press, 12 (1989).
Federalism at the Bicentennial, in Federalism: Studies in History, Law, and Policy, University of California at Berkeley Institute of Governmental Studies, 3–13 (1988).
The Supreme Court and the Serpentine Wall, in The Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom: Its Evolution and Consequences in American History, Cambridge University Press, 313–349 (1988).
Foreword, in James Monroe and the Constitution: A Moderate Anti-Federalist, Ash Lawn-Highland, vii-viii (1987).
Burger Court (1969-1986), in Encyclopedia of the American Constitution, Collier Macmillan, 176–183 (1–2 ed. 1986–2000).
Church and State in America, in Renewing the Dream: National Archives Bicentennial ’87 Lectures on Contemporary Constitutional Issues, University Press of America, 3–12 (1986).
Magna Carta (1215), in Encyclopedia of the American Constitution, Collier Macmillan, 1195–1197 (1 ed. 1986).
State Constitutions: An Essential Part of the American Constitutional System, in The Blessings of Liberty: Bicentennial Lectures at the National Archives, American Bar Association, 125–126 (2 ed. 1986).
Why Celebrate the Constitution Today?, in The Blessings of Liberty: Bicentennial Lectures at the National Archives, American Bar Association, 1 (2 ed. 1986).
Federalism in the Courts, in Emerging Issues in American Federalism: Papers Prepared for ACIR’s 25th Anniversary , Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations, 27–39 (1985).
Introduction: A Frequent Recurrence to Fundamental Principles, in Developments in State Constitutional Law, West, xi-xxiii (1985).
James Madison and the Founding of the Republic, in James Madison on Religious Liberty, Prometheus Books, 21–34 (1985).
Madison and the Republic, in James Madison on Religious Liberty, Prometheus Books, 320–328 (1985).
Privacy and Autonomy in American Law, in High Technology and Human Freedom, Smithsonian Institution Press, 33–39 (1985).
The Challenge of the Constitution's Bicentennial, in The Bulwark of Freedom: Public Understanding of the Law, American Bar Association, 167–172 (1985).
The Supreme Court and the Establishment of Religion, in James Madison on Religious Liberty, Prometheus Books, 279–290 (1985).
The Wall of Separation: The Supreme Court as Uncertain Stonemason, in Religion and the State: Essays in Honor of Leo Pfeffer, Baylor University Press, 85–118 (1985).
When States Amend Their Constitutions, in Reforming American Government: The Bicentennial Papers of the Committee on the Constitutional System, Westview Press, 288 (1985).
Five Men in a Bar: Judicial Review in a Democratic Society, in The Courts: Separation of Powers, Roscoe Pound-American Trial Lawyers Association, 5–13 (1983).
From Mason to Modern Times: 200 Years of American Rights, in The Legacy of George Mason, George Mason University Press, 95–112 (1983).
Judicial Federalism: The States and the Supreme Court, in American Federalism: A New Partnership for the Republic, Institute for Contemporary Studies, 215–237 (1982).
The Burger Court and the First Amendment: Putting a Decade in Perspective: I. A Framework, in The First Amendment Reconsidered: New Perspectives on the Meaning of Freedom of Speech and Press, Longman, 129–137 (1982).
Foreword, in The Constitution of Virginia, Commonwealth of Virginia, 1–5 (1981).
Up Against the Wall: The Uneasy Separation of Church and State, in Church, State and Politics, Roscoe Pound-American Trial Lawyers Association, 5–39 (1981).
The Supreme Court and Federalism, in The Courts, the Pendulum of Federalism, Roscoe Pound-American Trial Lawyers Association, 49–79 (1979).
"For the Common Benefit": The Virginia Declaration of Rights of 1776, in The George Mason Lectures: Honoring the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the Virginia Declaration of Rights , Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, 11–19 (1976).
Constitution of Virginia: Introduction, in Virginia's Government: The Structure and Functions of the State and the Local Governments of the People of Virginia: State, Municipal, County, Virginia State Chamber of Commerce, 142 (1971).
Magna Carta: An American Tradition, in The Judicial Conference of Virginia: Seventeenth Session, Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals, 58–72 (1965).

Articles & Reviews

Who Belongs: The Constitution of Virginia and the Political Community, 37 Journal of Law and Politics 99–153 (2022).
50 Years On, Does Virginia's 1971 Constitution Still Meet the Challenge?, Virginia Bar Association Journal 16–18 (2020).
Review of Wilkinson, All Falling Faiths (reviewing J. Harvie Wilkinson III, All Falling Faiths: Reflections on the Promise and Failure of the 1960s) 125 Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 191–192 (2017).
The Changing Face of the Supreme Court, 101 Virginia Law Review 231–316 (2015).
Ten Things the 2012-13 Term Tells Us About the Roberts Court, 99 Virginia Law Review Online 48–67 (2013).
Now We Are Six: The Emerging Roberts Court, 98 Virginia Law Review in Brief 1–13 (2012).
Out of Infancy: The Roberts Court at Seven, 98 Virginia Law Review in Brief 76–105 (2012).
The Constitution and the Role of Government, 6 Charleston Law Review 449–510 (2012).
A Traveler from an Antique Land: The Modern Renaissance of Comparative Constitutionalism, 50 Virginia Journal of International Law 3–41 (2009).
America After September 11, 89 American Oxonian 326 (2003).
Toward Constitutional Democracy: An American Perspective, 19 Journal of Law and Politics 285–297 (2003).
Constitutionalism and Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe, Occasional Papers of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (2000).
After Communism: Devolution in Central and Eastern Europe, 40 South Texas Law Review 661–688 (1999).
Citizen Lawmakers (reviewing Bruce A. Ackerman, We the People, Vol. 2: Transformations) Washington Post 8–9 (1998).
Federalism - Dual Sovereigns Duel: A Symposium, 1 Delaware Law Review 223–240 (1998).
The Indeterminacy of Constitutions, 31 Wake Forest Law Review 383–410 (1996).
Keeping Score on the Highest Court (reviewing Peter H. Irons, Brennan vs. Rehnquist: The Battle for the Constitution) Washington Post Book World 11 (1995).
Constitution-Making in Central and Eastern Europe, 28 Suffolk University Law Review 5–16 (1994).
How Ideas Travel: Rights at Home and Abroad, 22 Stetson Law Review 893–905 (1993).
The Federal Model of the United States, 1 New European Law Review 143–162 (1993).
The Uses of Federalism: The American Experience, 8 American University Journal of International Law 389–412 (1993).
The Values of Federalism, 1 New Europe Law Review 143–162 (1993).
Our Rights at Risk, 65 Journal of State Government 20 (1992).
Living with the Warren Legacy, American Bar Association Journal 69–70 (1989).
Renesancia Ustavneho Prava v. Jednotlivych Statoch USA, 72 Právník: Teoreticky Câsopsis pro Otázky Státu a Práva 715 (1989).
The Renaissance of State Constitutional Law, 1-2 Emerging Issues in State Constitutional Law 1–15 (1988).
Echoes from Runnymede: Magna Carta’s American Legacy, Massachusetts Law Review 33–35 (1987).
The Law School and the Living Constitution, Virginia Law School Report 7–8 (1987).
Federalism: The Linchpin of Liberty, State Legis 22–25 (1987).
The Legacy of James Madison, Virginia Independent 1 (1987).
A Constitutional Draftsman Examines Republican Government, Virginia Law School Report 28–30 (1987).
Making It Work, 11 Wilson Quarterly 122–133 (1987).
Our Litigious Society, 38 South Carolina Law Review 365–379 (1987).
State Constitutions: Pillars of the Federal System, 17 This Constitution 34–38 (1987).
Implications of Garcia for Federalism, Virginia Law School Report 7–10 (1986).
The Renaissance of State Constitutional Law, 63 University of Virginia Institute of Government Newsletter 1–5 (1986).
Celebrating the Constitution: A Symposium (with Warren E. Berger, Lloyd N. Cutler & Strom Thurmond), 17 Prologue 167–171 (1985).
Garcia: Federalism's Principles Forgotten, Intergovernmental Perspective 12–14 (1985).
James Madison and the Constitution, 9 Wilson Quarterly 80–91 (1985).
Why Celebrate the Constitution Today?, 17 Prologue 155–165 (1985).
The Constitution and Free Expression, 64 National Forum 41–43, 63 (1984).
The Roots of American Constitutional Principles, 60 University of Virginia Institute of Government Newsletter 25–30 (1984).
Tribute to Justice John Charles Thomas, 70 Virginia Law Review 875–877 (1984).
Key Appointment to Virginia Bench, Virginia Law School Report 6–8 (1983).
The Constitution and the Commonwealth: Commemorating the 200th Anniversary of the U.S. Constitution in Virginia, 59 University of Virginia Institute of Government Newsletter 22 (1983).
The Press in Court, 6 Wilson Quarterly 86–93 (1982).
The Sexes and the Law, 6 Wilson Quarterly 81–92 (1982).
The States and the Supreme Court, 31 Catholic University Law Review 375–438 (1982).
A Litigation Society?, 5 Wilson Quarterly 98–109 (1981).
The Burger Court: A Judicial Nonet Plays the Enigma Variations, 43 Law & Contemporary Problems 7–28 (1980).
The Road from Brown, 3 Wilson Quarterly 98–109 (1979).
After Bakke: Where Next for Affirmative Action?, Virginia Law School Report 8–10 (1978).
The Supreme Court and Modern Lifestyles, 2 Wilson Quarterly 55–66 (1978).
From Warren to Burger: Activism and Restraint, 1 Wilson Quarterly 109–121 (1977).
Constitutional Revision: Virginia and the Nation, 9 University of Richmond Law Review 1–48 (1974).
State Aid for Virginia’s Private Colleges? (with Jay L. Chronister & William H. McFarlane), 2 Journal of Law and Education 593–611 (1973).
Mr. Justice Powell, Commonwealth 21–24 (1972).
Mr. Justice Powell and the Emerging Nixon Majority, 70 Michigan Law Review 445–468 (1972).
State Constitutions and the Environment, 58 Virginia Law Review 193–229 (1972).
Education and Virginia’s New Constitution, Virginia Journal of Education 10–12 (1971).
Conservation and the Constitution, Virginia Outdoors 1, 5 (1971).
Hardy Dillard: Life upon the Wicked Stage, 56 Virginia Law Review 10–11 (1970).
Constitutional Revision—Virginia’s Approach, 72 West Virginia Law Review 41–59 (1969).
Introduction, 20 Virginia Law Weekly Dicta x-xiv (1968).
The Warren Court: Myth and Reality, American Oxonian 7–13 (1968).
Review of Katcher, Earl Warren: A Political Biography­ (reviewing Leo Katcher, Earl Warren: A Political Biography) Richmond Times-Dispatch F9 (1967).
Review of Bowen, Miracle at Philadelphia (reviewing Catherine Drinker Bowen, Miracle at Philadelphia: The Story of the Constitutional Convention, May to September, 1787) Richmond Times-Dispatch F9 (1967).
Mr. Justice Black: The Negro Protest Movement and the Rule of Law, 53 Virginia Law Review 1030–1090 (1967).
On Writing about the Supreme Court, 22 Reading Guide 49–61 (1967).
Review of Strickland, Hugo Black and the Supreme Court (reviewing Stephen P. Strickland, Hugo Black and the Supreme Court: A Symposium) 53 Virginia Law Review 1660–1666 (1967).
Review of Miller, The Case for Liberty (reviewing Helen Hill Miller, The Case for Liberty) 21 Reading Guide 39–42 (1966).
Magna Carta Celebrates Its 750th Year, 51 American Bar Association Journal 529–533 (1965).
The Connally Amendment, 2 Journal of the John Bassett Moore Society of International Law 1–18 (1961).

Reports & Datasets

StatementConstitutionalism, Human Rights, and the Rule of Law in Iraq , US Government Printing Office 68–74, 84 (2003).
Excerpts from "Virginia Task Force on ERA" (1974): Analysis on "Prisons (Right to Privacy)"2 The Impact of the Equal Rights Amendment , US Government Print Office 152–158 (1985).
StatementAdvice and Consent on Supreme Court Nominations , US Government Printing Office 18–27 (1976).
CorrespondenceNonjudicial Activities of Supreme Court Justices and Other Federal Judge , US Government Printing Office 264 (1969).

Op-Eds, Blogs, Shorter Works

The 1971 Virginia Constitution: Promoting the Common Benefit, Richmond Times-Dispatch 1D (December 27, 2020).
Virginia's 1902 Constitution: The Era of Disenfranchisement, Richmond Times-Dispatch 1D (December 20, 2020).
Confronting “Illiberal Democracies”, Richmond Times-Dispatch (June 29, 2019).
Planting the Seeds of Liberty, Richmond Times-Dispatch (June 29, 2019).
A Chance to End Gerrymandering in Virginia (with Rebecca Green), Virginian-Pilot 19A (December 9, 2018).
Magna Carta: 800 Years after Runnymede, Virginia Bar Association Journal 20–23 (2014).
Jefferson Shared a Compelling Vision, Richmond Times-Dispatch A13 (December 10, 2012).
Comparative Constitutionalism: Its Modern Renaissance, Virginia Law Weekly 1–2 (March 13, 2009).
Chief Enigma, American Bar Association Journal 66–69 (October, 1995).
He Was Not What They Expected, National Law Journal A20 (July 10, 1995).
Constitutions and Constitutionalism in Central and Eastern Europe, 2 Commission on Security & Cooperation in Europe Office of Democratic Institutions & Human Rights Bulletin 1–8 (1994).
Drafting Constitutions for the New Democracies, Problems in Communism 63–65 (January, 1992).
Liberty’s Text: 10 Amendments That Changed the World, Washington Post C3 (December 15, 1991).
How Ideas Travel: The Bill of Rights at Home and Abroad, New York State Bar Journal 6–10, 47 (December, 1991).
The Legacy of a Day in Runnymede Meadow, Richmond Times-Dispatch F1, F3 (August 23, 1987).
Virginia as a Testing Ground for American Constitutionalism, Virginia Bar News 11–14 (August, 1987).
James Madison and the Constitution, Richmond News Leader 14 (March 13, 1987).
Federalism Lives, Update on Law-Related Education 15–19, 49 (1987).
The Legacy of Freedom: A Cause for Celebration in Virginia, University of Virginia Alumni News 10–12 (January, 1987).
The Constitution: Mirror of National Life, US News & World Report 22 (December 29, 1986).
A Bicentennial of Religious Freedom, Virginia Law Weekly 1, 3 (September 12, 1986).
Justice William H. Rehnquist: A Key Fighter in Major Battles, American Bar Association Journal 47–49 (June 15, 1986).
Religion Issues Remain as Perplexing as Ever, National Law Journal S24 (September 2, 1985).
Pragmatism, Compromise Marks Court, National Law Journal 17 (February 18, 1980).
Bakke Divides the Court, Virginia Law Weekly 1–2, 4 (January 26, 1979).
"Nixon Court" Charts Its Own Course, Virginia Law Weekly 1, 3–4 (April 22, 1977).
New Paths for State Courts, Washington Post C2 (August 22, 1976).
States Seek Sex Equality Without ERA, Virginia Law Weekly 1–2, 4 (December 12, 1975).
Hugo Black: A Giant of the Supreme Court, Richmond Times-Dispatch A14 (September 28, 1971).
How Virginia Won Where Others Lost, Norfolk Virginian-Pilot C1, C7 (July 4, 1971).
Now Virginia’s Up to Date, Washington Post B2 (June 27, 1971).
The Constitution: State Document Is Blend of Innovation, Continuity, Richmond Times-Dispatch F1, F3 (June 27, 1971).
Howard Finds Progress in Foreword for Series, 23 Virginia Law Weekly 1–3 (June 4, 1971).
Evaluation: A Constitution Responds to the Needs of the People, Richmond News Leader 14 (October 30, 1970).
Proposed Constitution Would Lower Interest Rates and Save Money, Richmond News Leader 18 (October 29, 1970).
General Obligation Bonds Are an Investment in Future, Richmond News Leader 10 (October 28, 1970).
Local People Would Be Assured of Local Control in New Constitution, Richmond News Leader 14 (October 27, 1970).
Revised Constitution Would Improve Education, Richmond News Leader 12 (October 24, 1970).
New Constitution Would Better Define Doctrine of Power Separation, Richmond News Leader 12 (October 23, 1970).
Revised Constitution Would Protect Rights of Virginia’s Voters, Richmond News Leader 12 (October 22, 1970).
Our Constitution Needs to Be Briefer, Clearer, Richmond News Leader 12 (October 21, 1970).
Revision by Amendment Guarantees Voters Last Word in Changes, Richmond News Leader 18 (October 20, 1970).
The Heritage of Constitutional Revision in the State of Virginia, Richmond News Leader 12 (October 19, 1970).
Howard Contributes Introduction to Series, Virginia Law Weekly 1–2 (September 18, 1970).
Legislature Tempers Virginia’s Constitution, Washington Post B3 (May 11, 1969).
The Virginia Effort, Part Two: An Analysis, Virginia Law Weekly 1–2 (May 8, 1969).
The Virginia Effort, Part One: A Summary, Virginia Law Weekly 1–4 (May 1, 1969).
Howard Weighs Validity of Open Land Proposals, Virginia Law Weekly 1–2, 5 (February 10, 1966).

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Constitutionalism: History and Jurisprudence
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Supreme Court Justices and the Art of Judging (seminar)

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